Ear postures of cows are studied as indicators of their emotional state and overall animal welfare.
In cattle, temperament can affect production traits such as carcass and meat quality or milk yield as well as affecting the animal's overall health and reproduction. Cattle temperament is defined as "the consistent behavioral and physiological difference observed between individuals in response to a stressor or environmental challenge and is used to describe the relatively stable difference in the behavioral predisposition of an animal, which can be related to psychobiological mechanisms".Generally, cattle temperament is assumed to be multidimensional. Five underlying categories of temperament traits have been proposed: Born: Wikipedia
In cattle, temperament can affect production traits such as carcass and meat quality or milk yield as well as affecting the animal's overall health and reproduction. Cattle temperament is defined as "the consistent behavioral and physiological difference observed between individuals in response to a stressor or environmental challenge and is used to describe the relatively stable difference in the behavioral predisposition of an animal, which can be related to psychobiological mechanisms".Generally, cattle temperament is assumed to be multidimensional. Five underlying categories of temperament traits have been proposed: Born: Wikipedia